Women of Distinction: Remarkable in Works and Invincible in Character.

Yates, Josephine A. Silone, 1852-1912

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Grimké, Charlotte Forten, 1837-1914

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Charlotte Forten Grimké, née Charlotte Louise Bridges Forten, (born August 17, 1837, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.—died July 23, 1914, Washington, D.C.), American abolitionist and educator best known for the five volumes of diaries she wrote in 1854–64 and 1885–92. They were published posthumously. Forten was born into a prominent free black family in Philadelphia. Her father ran a successful sail-making business. Many members of her family were active in the abolitionist movement. Early in l...

Coppin, Fanny Jackson, 1837-1913

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Fanny Jackson Coppin (January 8, 1837 – January 21, 1913) was an American educator and missionary and a lifelong advocate for female higher education. Born a slave in Washington, D.C., her freedom was purchased by an aunt as a child. Another aunt took the little girl in, but Fanny had to go out and work as a domestic, getting schooling whenever she could. By age fourteen, she was supporting herself in Newport, Rhode Island, and struggling for education. “It was in me,” she wrote years later, ...

Cooper, Anna J. (Anna Julia), 1858-1964

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Anna Julia Haywood Cooper (August 10, 1858 – February 27, 1964) was an American author, educator, sociologist, speaker, Black Liberation activist, and one of the most prominent African-American scholars in United States history. Born into slavery in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1858, Cooper followed the path of many African Americans as she grasped hold of opportunities for an education through the Freedmen’s Bureau after emancipation. Cooper worked her way through St. Augustine’s Normal School...

Ruffin, Josephine St. Pierre, 1842-1924

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Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (August 31, 1842 – March 13, 1924) was an African-American publisher, journalist, civil rights leader, suffragist, and editor of Woman's Era, the first national newspaper published by and for African-American women. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, she attended public schools in Charlestown and Salem, and a private school in New York City because of her parents' objections to the segregated schools in Boston. She completed her studies at the Bowdoin School after segr...

Brown, Hallie Quinn, 1849-1949

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Hallie Quinn Brown (March 10, 1849 – September 16, 1949) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania before moving with her family to a farm in Canada and eventually settling in Ohio. She graduated from Wilberforce University in Ohio in 1973. Brown began her career as an educator. She was also founder of the Colored Woman's League of Washington, D.C. which later merged with the National Association of Colored Women....

Spencer, Ella D., Miss

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Mitchell, Nellie E. Brown, 1845-1924

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Leslie, N. A.R., Mrs.

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Smith, Christine Shoecraft.

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Smith, Willie Ann, Mrs., 1858-1907

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Tubman, Harriet, 1822-1913

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Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross; b. ca. 1822–d. March 10, 1913) was an American abolitionist, humanitarian, and an armed scout and spy for the United States Army during the American Civil War. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made thirteen missions to rescue approximately seventy enslaved families and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. She later helped abolitionist John Brown recruit men for his raid on Har...

Jones, Mary, Miss, 1869-

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Sneed, Lavinia B., Mrs., 1867-

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Scott, Virginia, 1861-

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Cole, Lucy Ann Henry, Mrs., 1865-

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Rodgers Webb, M. R., Mrs.

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Coleman, Lucretia Newman, 1854-

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Coston, Julia Ringwood, Mrs.

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Baldwin, Maria Louise, 1856-1922.

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Colley, Georgie, Mrs., 1858-

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De Mortie, Louise, 1833-1867

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Porter, Maggie L.

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Tillman, Katherine D., 1870-

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Jones, Sissieretta

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Cartwright, Carrie E. Sawyer, Mrs.

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Lewis, Lillian

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Gordon, Georgia, 1855-1913

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Heard, Josie D. Henderson, Mrs., 1861-1921

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Batson, Flora, 1865-1906

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Green, Hattie, 1868-

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Williams, Marie Selika, Mme, ca. 1849-1937

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Jones, Rosa Kinckle, 1858-1932

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Purce, C. L., Mrs., 1855-

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Stumm, C. C., Mrs., 1857-

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Wheatley, Phillis, c. 1753-1784

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Phillis Wheatley (c. 1753-1784), first Black woman poet in America, was brought as an African slave in about 1761 to Boston, Mass., where she was purchased by John Wheatley. Educated in the Wheatley household, first by Wheatley's wife Susannah and later by his daughter Mary, Phillis Wheatley began writing poems in her early teens. It was through her published poetry that she became a member of Boston's literati and travelled briefly to England, returning in 1773 during Mrs. Wheatley's final illn...

Bragg, Lucinda

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Williams, Ella V. Chase, Mrs., 1852-

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Garnet, Julia Highland, Mrs.

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Gray, Ida, Dr., 1867-1953

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Terrell, Mary Church, 1863-1954

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Mary Church Terrell was born Sept. 23, 1863 in Memphis, TN. Her parents, Robert Reed Church and Louisa Ayers, were freed slaves. She majored in Classics at Oberlin College, the first college in the United States to accept African American and female students; she was one of the first African American women to attend the institution. Terrell graduated in 1884 with Anna Julia Cooper and Ida Gibbs Hunt. She earned her master's degree in Education from Oberlin in 1888. She began teaching at Wilberfo...

Howard, Joan Imogen, 1851-

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Cooper, Ada A., 1861-

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Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, 1825-1911

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Frances Harper was born September 24, 1825 in Baltimore, Maryland to free parents. Her writing career began in 1839 for anti-slavery publications. She published two books of poetry (1845, 1854). In 1859, Harper published the short story "The Two Offers" in Anglo-African Magazine, making her the first Black woman to publish a short story. She also wrote 3 serialized novels for magazines in 1868-1888, and another novel in 1892. Starting in 1850, Harper moved to Ohio and began work as the first...

Bowser, Rosa Dixon, 1885-1931

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Page, Zelia Ball, 1850-1937

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Washington, Josephine Turpin, 1861-1949

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Smith, Georgina

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Lawson, Rosetta E., Mrs.

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Hayden, Della Irving, 1851-1924

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Steward, Susan McKinney

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Pelham, Meta E., Miss

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Matthews, Victoria Earle

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Davis, Henrietta Vinton, 1860-1941

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Nahar, Ednorah, 1873-

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Lowery, Ruth, Miss

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Gilbert, Artishia Garcia, A.B., A.M., 1868-1904

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Tate, Minnie

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Britton, Mary Eleanor, Mrs., 1855-1925

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Smith, Lucy Wilmot, 1861-1888

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Hyers, Anna Mada, 1855-1929

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Thomas, Lillian Parker, 1857-

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Jones, Anna Holland, Miss

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Brown, L. Hughes, Mrs.

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DeBaptiste, Georgia Mabel, 1867-1951

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Shorter, Susan I., 1859-1912

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Greenfield, Elizabeth Taylor, 1824-1876

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Scott, Charlotte, Mrs.

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Watts, Dinah Mrs. Pace

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Jackson, Jenny

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Smith, Amanda, 1837-1915

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Washington, Rachel M., Mrs.

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Harper, Mary E., 1862-1908

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Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

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Mary Ann Shadd Cary (b. Oct. 9, 1823, Wilmington, DE–d. June 5, 1893, Washington, D.C.) was the eldest of 13 children to Abraham Doras Shadd (1801–1882) and Harriet Burton Parnell, who were free African-Americans. Her father was a conductor in the Underground Railroad and Mary Ann grew up with many freedom-seekers in her house. The family moved to Pennsylvania and she attended a Quaker Boarding School before relocating to Ontario, Canada. While in Windsor, Ontario, Mary Ann founded a racially i...

Patton, Georgia E. Lee, M. D., 1864-1900

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Scruggs, Lucie Johnson, 1864-1892

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Howard, Clara A., Miss, 1866-

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Ray, H. Cordelia, 1849-1916

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Hand, Ada C., Miss, 1862-

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Parrish, Mary Virginia Cook, 1868-1945

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Johnson, A. E., Mrs., 1859-

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Hyers, Emma Louise, 1857-1901

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Anderson, Caroline Still, 1848-1919

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Bundy, Lillian R., Madam

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Early, Sarah Jane Woodson, Mrs., 1825-1907

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Presley, Harriette Estelle Harris, Mrs., 1862-

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Fleming, Louise Celia, 1862-1899

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Tilghman, Amelia L.

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Gordon, Nora A., 1866-1901

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Mossell, Gertrude Bustill, 1855-1948

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Gertrude Emily Hicks Bustill Mossell (July 3, 1855 – January 21, 1948) was an African-American journalist, author, teacher, and activist. She served as the women's editor of the New York Age from 1885 to 1889, and of the Indianapolis World from 1891 to 1892. She strongly supported the development of black newspapers and advocated for more women to enter journalism. Gertrude Bustill was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on July 3, 1855, to Emily Robinson and Charles Hicks Bustill. Born into a...

Wells-Barnett, Ida B., 1862-1931

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Ida B. Wells (b. July 16, 1862, Holly Springs, MS - d. March 25, 1931, Chicago, IL) was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi in 1862, six months before the Emancipation Proclamation granted freedom to her slave parents. Following the death of both her parents of yellow fever in 1878, Ida, at age 16, began teaching in a one-room schoolhouse in rural Mississippi. Some time between 1882 and 1883 Wells moved to Memphis, Tennessee, to teach in city schools. She was dismissed, in 1891, for h...

Lewis, Mabel, 1860-1935

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Jones, Verina Morton, 1865-1943

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Briggs, Martha Bailey, 1838-1889

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McEwen, Alice Elizabeth, Ms., 1870-

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